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Tuesday, January 3, 2012

Malaysian History Before Merdeka

History of Malaysia is said to start at the time of the Malacca Sultanate, circa 1400 AD. In its glorious days, the sultanate region covers most of West and East Coast of Sumatra. Melaka emerged as an outstanding government because of its strategic location between Asia and the meeting point of East and West Asia. This model allows Melaka emerged as a major trading center for spice trade, especially in Southeast Asia. Islam is emerging as the main religious belief spread and became the major population of Melaka as the King himself was converted to the religion.

In 1511, Malacca fell to the Portuguese and the beginning of this year Malaya in the colonial era. After that, Malaya fell to the Dutch in 1641 and eventually fell into British hands in 1824 by Anglo-Dutch Treaty. British colonialism is the longest occupation. British interfere all of the administration of Malaya, which previously managed by the Malay Rulers with the help of state dignitaries. British intervention has caused discontent among the local population.

Some people took up arms against the colonialists but by their efforts more on the individual nature of the opposition easily defeated by the British. Among tokoh who against the colonial was Dol Said, Tok Janggut, Datuk Bahaman, Rentap, Datuk Maharajalela, Rosli Dobi and some other figures.

In the era of the 1920s and the 1930s, many people in Malaya began to get an education, whether from the Middle East or local education. As a result, Rahman has been a ray of Malay self-governing country "educated class emerged who started fighting spirit of nationalism. They use media such as newspapers and magazines to spread their ideology. Some among them have formed associations such as the Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM) and the Kesatuan Melayu Singapura (KMS) which aims to drive out the colonial and form a government.

When the people of this country was eager to end the occupation, they were shocked by the Japanese landing at the end of 1941 which marked the beginning of another era of colonialism in Malaya. The Japanese occupied Malaya until 1945 before giving up due to the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Japanese retreat has given space to the Parti Komunis Malaya (PKM) for the control of Malaya. PKM has to act violently, killing and destroying public property with impunity, forcing the British to declare an emergency in Malaya (1948-1960).

PKM violence not captured Malaya and the British back in power. Returning the British after the Japanese occupation, they tried to introduce the Malayan Union. This identity has been challenged a great and inclusive of local people. On May 11, 1946, UMNO has fueled the establishment of the opposition and thus sowing the seeds of struggle towards self-government.
The emergence of Tunku Abdul Rahman was a ray of hope to the struggle of the peoples of Malaya at the time when the action began to form the Alliance opened the eyes of the British to allow the occupation of Malaya administer their own country. Unity among the three main ethnic Malay, Chinese and Indians have yielded results when the London Agreement was signed on February 8, 1956 has been an awareness that Malaya will be independent on August 31, 1957.

After independence, there was a problem related to the formation of Malaysia that combines Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore. Opposition to this merger came from the People's Party of Brunei, Indonesia and the Philippines. However, the desire to build a country called MALAYSIA met on 16 September 1963.


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